Shannon Kelley

Shannon Kelley
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Santa Barbara, California, USA
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June 11
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self-employed
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Shannon Kelley and her mother Barbara Kelley are both journalists, and have just written a book called "Undecided". Together. (...Right??) This blog is a taste of what you'll find in "Undecided", a book about choice overload, analysis paralysis, grass is greener syndrome, longing for the road not traveled, and how the success of the women’s movement has left women stumped in the face of limitless options — and how to get over it. The book comes out on May 3: if you like what you're reading here, get the book here: http://www.amazon.com/Undecided-Endless-Perfect-Career-Life-Thats/dp/1580053416. And subscribe to our blog here: http://undecidedthebook.wordpress.com/

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Salon.com
Editor’s Pick
DECEMBER 14, 2010 10:31AM

Freedom, Fertility, and Feminism

Rate: 14 Flag

Today’s post is one of those ones that I’ve thought about writing often, but been happy to shy away from. It’s tricky territory. But over the past week, fate intervened: first, in the form of the New York Magazine in my mailbox, which screamed from the cover: Fifty years ago, the pill ushered in a new era of sexual freedom. It might have created a fertility crisis as well. And then, in the form of a headline on one of my Google Alerts, a personal essay by Elaine Gale, called Breaking up with feminism: A heartbreaking loss led to a new and deeper relationship–with the Feminine.

At issue: the not-so pleasant side effect of the power to impose a little control over our reproductive lives: that while we indeed have incredible control to suppress our fertility (while still expressing our sexuality) while we establish ourselves professionally, or financially, or just allow ourselves to get the sowing-of-the-wild-oats out of our systems, well, we don’t have control over when our reproductive systems time out.

Just typing that out loud feels like I’m a traitor to the cause. Because, you know, the Pill is a good thing, as I’ve mentioned before. As Vanessa Grigoriadis writes in the NY Mag piece,

…the Pill, after all, is so much more than just a pill. It’s magic, a trick of science that managed in one fell swoop to wipe away centuries of female oppression, overly exhausting baby-making, and just marrying the wrong guy way too early.

True, dat. Quoting Kelli Conlin, president of the National Institute for Reproductive Health, Grigoriadis goes on:

“Today, we operate on a simple premise–that every little girl should be able to grow up to be anything she wants, and she can only do so if she has the ability to chart her own reproductive destiny.”

…These days, women’s twenties are as free and fabulous as they can be, a time of boundless freedom and experimentation, of easily trying on and discarding identities, careers, partners.

And, you know, why shouldn’t we take equal part in that experimentation–a time that’s become so fundamental to the American experience, science types are trying to get it distinguished as an entirely new life stage? The Pill gave women power and freedom and equality — and what could possibly be more empowering than that? These very things were the great promises of feminism.

Which brings us to Gale’s story:

I loved all the things Feminism whispered to me at night when I couldn’t sleep:

“You deserve the world on your own terms.”

“I will take care of you and make sure that things are fair.”

“You can have it all!”

…Meanwhile, my life had a repeating narrative: professional success, romantic mess. There was Mr. Right Now, Mr. Adorable Slacker, Mr. Too Bland, Mr. Has Potential, Mr. Too Old For Me, and then Mr. Artistic But Unstable.

I always thought that I had plenty of time to get married and crank out some children. Women can do anything they want when they want, right? That’s what feminism was always whispering in my ear.

Then, at age 36, she married her husband. She writes:

We decided that we wanted to have a child, although at the time, I partly saw it as another box to check off. After the miscarriage, feminism and I had our falling out.

What’s feminism got to do with it? Here’s Gale’s take:

Feminism was always going on and on about the importance of having choices. But I found that my biological choice to have a child was snatched away from me while I was being liberated.

I had been told that I could have my career first and have children second. That it wasn’t either/or. I thought that it was going to be better for us than it was for our mothers. But my mom ended up with a wonderful career as a university professor and had three children.

Confused, I rued the day I fell under feminism’s sway. How could I have been so naive? How could I have put off having children so late that I have possibly missed the opportunity to have children at all?

Tough stuff. And props to Gale for that kind of blunt honesty. Back to Grigoriadis:

The fact is that the Pill, while giving women control of their bodies for the first time in history, allowed them to forget about the biological realities of being female until it was, in some cases, too late… Inadvertently, indirectly, infertility has become the Pill’s primary side effect.

And ironically, this most basic of women’s issues is one that traditional feminism has a very hard time processing–the notion that this freedom might have a cost is thought to be so dangerous it shouldn’t be mentioned.

And that, I tend to think, is the real trouble here. Not the cost itself–but the reluctance to admit to it. It seems to me that we’re shying away from what may be the biggest challenge for women today: admitting that freedom might–no, does–come with a cost. In the reproductive realm, yes, clearly — but in the larger sense too: We’re missing the rather nasty message that every choice entails a trade-off. That we can’t have it all.

You read that right, sister. You can’t. I can’t. No one can. It’s an ugly message, so is it any surprise so few of us want to go there?

It’s funny, the other night, I was out to dinner with some friends, and one was asking me about the book. And I said something that left him stunned: that when we talk about “choice,” we focus on all the options, and the things that we choose. But, by its very definition, making a choice entails not choosing something else. We just like to leave that part out.

And he looked at me with his mouth open for a minute or two, and said, Holy Crap! That’s so true, but you’re right, no one ever talks about that.

I think we should talk about that. Not least because there’s something about talking about stuff that makes even the suckiest of stuff suck a little bit less. Seems like Grigoriadis might agree:

Sexual freedom is a fantastic thing, worth paying a lot for. But it’s not anti-feminist to want to be clearer about exactly what is being paid. Anger, regret, repeated miscarriages, the financial strain of assisted reproductive technologies, and the inevitable damage to careers and relationships in one’s thirties and forties that all this involve deserve to be weighed and discussed. The next stage in feminism, in fact, may be to come to terms, without guilt trips or defensiveness, with issues like this.

The reluctance to discuss the very real consequences of putting off getting pregnant because we’re afraid doing so would somehow discount the very important freedom that comes with being able to put off getting pregnant does us a disservice. Is that freedom of any less value because it comes with trade-offs? When we talk of choices only in terms of what we choose–and never with a nod to our feelings over what we consequently choose to leave behind… well, how empowering is that, really? And when we talk of “having it all” as though all “all” entails is a big bowl of cherries, how are we to feel when we realize that, in aiming to have it all, what we’ve really wound up with is all of the work?

They’re tough questions, and they require tough honesty. Isn’t there some kind of pill for that?


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Tagged: "Emerging Adulthood", choices, Elaine Gale, feminism, New York Magazine, the birth control pill, Vanessa Grigoriadis

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You know what The Pill can't give us? Government subsidized day care and family friendly work policies. "Infertility" isn't a side effect of birth control, but a natural stage in the aging process. The cure isn't the absence of birth control, but a change in the structure of society that would allow women to have children earlier in life without sacrificing their career ambitions. That's unfinished business from the '70s, and modern feminists would be wise to focus on that rather than tearing their hair out over the false choice between motherhood and a career.
Hm. Choices have consequences. Hard to blame a philosophy that tries to give people more of those for particular decisions one has made. Seems like blaming the messenger to me, and kinda stinky.
Rated.
Lawless- I agree with you that we need gov't-subsidized daycare, family friendly work policies, and, you know, equal pay. I also agree that infertility is a natural stage in the aging process... And I think that most women today don't want to settle down -- or make the kind of lifelong commitment motherhood entails -- when they're younger (and, unfairly, most fertile). It's just that when you're young, it's hard to imagine that, later, you might not have a choice.
I agree with LL. We need gvt support for early child care, maternity leave and the like, so that women can afford to have children earlier. One of the reasons why the middle class tax base is disappearing is that the middle class isn't replacing itself. Immigrants take 1-2 generations to reach middle class status, so the answer isn't here. The problem, though, is we have far more taking-out of the system than giving-in, and only a pronatalist birth policy can do that.

Getting married late, well, that's just part of a meritocratic mythology sold to women by Capitalism, not feminism. Basically, feminism was co-opted by the capitalist system to create loyal, low-paid, ever-ambitious workers who served to double the labor force available to Capital, while putting-off family, all so they could "sacrafice" for their boss and their career.

The sad thing, though, is that so many women have bought into the corporate spin on feminism, that women's rights are reducible to merely white-collar meritocracy and freedom-of-contract within the wage-slave system, the real issues and challenges for feminism, especially the ones concerning poor women and ethnic minority women, or women in the third world, these issues are left forgotten.

Any ideology which gives you more tools and freedoms to "serve the man" is never a good one. Certainly, a profession can give your life meaning, but it is never a justification for a real life. At the end of the day, as one dies on one's deathbed, one doesn't regret not having put-in longer hours at the office. One regrets not having had or having spent enough time with, family.

This is why social-democracy and not capitalism offers the only true interpretation of feminine freedom. Communitarian values must always, always predominate. Individualism, taken to the extreme, isolates and atomizes the proletariot and Bourgeoisie alike, and makes us the unwitting dupes of the Capitalist, corporate system.
I have to disagree that 'most women' forgo motherhood until it's "too late" or whatever. You're talking about a small subset of financially stable, well educated women. I don't point that out to suggest that you shouldn't be discussing financially stable, well educated women, but to add another dimension to the conversation. My clients (very low income/impoverished) don't generally wait to have children. Many of them have their first full term pregnancies at fourteen, fifteen, or sixteen years of age. They don't generally have access to birth control, and even if they do, they have never received comprehensive sex ed. A depressing number of them have never been encouraged to have career ambitions. Why do so many low income women "choose" not to use birth control when another mouth to feed means further entrenchment in poverty? I wish we (feminists) spent as much time discussing that aspect of choice - or the lack thereof.
In my experience all of adult life involves giving up something for something else and more likely than not you don't know what you are getting or what you are giving up. It just seems naive and even juvenile to try to blame Feminism or effective birth control.
Feminism, like all dogmas, requires scrutiny. I'm sorry your friend didn't think too much about it and then did a flip-flop. Feminism at its best urges the right to equal opportunity. But no one can, or should, 'have it all.' I don't so much want to smash the glass ceiling as to form a different sort of playing field.
Biology isn't ever going to be "fair." It just is. Current governmental policies aren't fair, but they are nonetheless what's in force. A smart woman who wants to have it all, or even just a couple components of "all," will plan how to make that happen. Yes, she may still confront infertility at 35, but she might have at 21 too. Feminism is about changing what can be changed, not about pretending that real limitations don't exist.That's fairy-tale thinking.
the ones in my generation (the 60's) who did get it all were the ones who didn't walk around with a chip on their shoulder and "victim" written on their scalp. it was a hiding place for the insecure, as are all ideologies. the leaders of the movement would up to be the biggest frauds of all. i'm not sure the new generation has learned a thing. women have become men and men women. i'm not sure it's a good thing. somebody has to get on top.
I haven't read any of the comments here because I could tell they were just going to make me angry, so I'll just comment on your post which was well-written and interesting.

Of course what is missing from it is kind of curious: what men think about this.

And therein lies the problem. Fertility and "having it all" isn't actually just about you and just about women, and as a man I can tell you it's not very surprising to me that our opinion is so easily left out of the equation.

When women start to consider what men think about an issue and factor them into the equation let me know, but I've got a feeling it will happen when a certain place starts to freeze over.
What a different perspective (for me) on feminism. In my day, feminism meant I deserved to get paid the same as a man for doing the same work. It meant if I was better qualified, a man shouldn't get hired because I lack a penis.

Somehow, feminism turned into taking the pill, maybe for too long?

Sounds to me like a Big Pharma campaign swept the media somewhere along the way and changed the definition of feminism when I wasn't looking. Probably while I was running a company and raising a kid at the same time.
I think there was some serious corporate propaganda/brainwashing to get women into the workforce.
by the way there was an excellent article along these lines awhile back I think it was in the Atlantic.... very apropos. theres a rethinking going on along these lines in feminist circles. actually apparently younger women do not even identify themselves as feminists any more acc to some surveys.... gasp....
when you think about it the Grim Reaper is the greatest equal opportunity employer of all, eh?
because that is really the bigger issue facing us all down. no matter what race or gender, nationality, wealth, whatever. and the grim reaper is really just a symbol of the finiteness of time and our own lives. its the same issue. most everyone has regrets at the end of their life. the end of fertility is just one stage. ps many guys feel just as wistful about not being able to date any more after getting married =( .... you might scoff, but how different is it? dating women is one of the great signposts of virility, and it fades/gets cut off too.
I think this is ignoring the curve of fertility of the average woman. Most women can easily have babies in their early to mid-30s. If you delay your first child until you are in your mid-30s, there is a risk, which is mostly associated with existing fertility issues. Infertility treatment takes a long time, most people go through several years of of less invasive treatments before they get to IVF. If you delay your until your mid-30s and hit fertility issues, you will be in your late 30s and possibly hitting additional age-related infertility issues before you have had all the assistance that fertility experts can provide.

The delay of child-bearing is an increasing risk, not an absolute.

As I recall, when the medical community spoke out about this a number of years ago, feminists objected loudly. Some high-up member of NOW got pregnant at 46 and she was the "proof" that delaying pregnancy is not a problem. (As if the existence of women who are 6 feet tall is proof that your daughter will grow to be as tall.)
"There was Mr. Right Now, Mr. Adorable Slacker, Mr. Too Bland, Mr. Has Potential, Mr. Too Old For Me, and then Mr. Artistic But Unstable," and in the end there is Mr. Nearby.
To me, the choice is so very simple:

A) Will I have children when I am mature and stable enough to support them
OR
B) Will I have children before I am wise and stable enough to support them because that is what I am supposed to do in this society.

NO woman should have children before she is capable of supporting them and herself, by herself. Imagine what a world that might bring.

The point is, in order for young women to have babies they must give up their life and rely on some man to be there. 50% of the time, he will not be there later.

Biology is not ideal, but at least science is trying hard to extend a woman's fertile life so we can be where we need to be. Pregnancy in the 30's is not so difficult and what I would recommend. However, I also recommend that young women know their choice about this topic before they embark on any path.
We women were really sold a bill of goods when it came to feminism. One of these days I will write a scathing post about my take on a destructive political movement that yielded NOTHING for us.
I resent the newest "it's all about me" generational take on feminism. So if a white middle class well educated woman cannot find the perfect mate and have children it the perfect circumstances blame the movement that help introduce the freedom to control our bodies that was made available for everyone? Why are you so entitled to a perfect life? Who promised that life was fair, that choice didn't involve real sacrifice? Who said you were going to have it all? I don't remember this as being a premise of fair wage and birth control. This is why you won't get "it all" because it's always all about YOU.
I agree with much of what you say about the futility of having it all. What I disagree with--and I see this as a flaw in the reasoning of many of the commenters as well--is assigning culpability to the notion of feminism. The philosophy of feminism and its so-called success has no part in the environment in which women, particularly young women who must make reproductive decisons, find themselves. If anything, it is the failure of feminism to take hold as a legitimate cultural phenomenon and the resulting re-assertion of the traditional dominant culture that disappoints women, from my perspective.

Why is the singular ability of only one gender to reproduce so little esteemed or valued in our culture that we--for example--don't even allow women to accumulate social security credits while they are at home raising children? Feminism has yet to make an impact.
I agree totally w/Lawless Lawyer, but I take it a step further.

Although feminism was indeed about choice, it seems to me that a lot of women who now complain about the choices they made, just didn’t think through the matter thoroughly enough for themselves. It wasn’t that women could “have it all,” but that that they could “have it” AT ALL. The business of “having it all” was proving to be a myth in the early 80s, when all those career women found out that “having it all” meant for someone ELSE, mainly their husbands, children, careers—and had very little left over for themselves.

Still, I can’t help but feel that feminism is getting a bad rap mainly from those women who reaped the most benefits from that choice. Whining about how your ovaries retired on you after you got your education/job/career/marriage/whatever squared away? At least you got the chance to GET that education/job/career/marriage/ whatever, that you CHOSE, OF YOUR OWN VOLITION, to pursue such. It was NOT chosen FOR YOU by your father or other male relative, as would’ve been the case not that long ago. And I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again: however narrow those choices may have been then, they were much narrower for women OF COLOR.

I’ve always felt that feminism actually “liberated” women of color more than anyone else. I came of age in the late 60s/early 70s when the women’s movement gained steam, and I remember the criticism that it was white, middle-class women who suffered from the “sadness that had no name,” women who wanted to join the workforce and choose their own lives. Women of color didn’t “get it” then b/c they have ALWAYS worked: they were the cooks, laundresses, housekeepers, seamstresses, etc, that, while still honorable labor, was still mostly back-breaking, dead-end work—that paid such low wages that they needed a husband just to have any life at all. We really did go from our fathers’ homes to our husbands’ homes—and God help you if you didn’t have one. Then you stayed home w/your parents and cared for them in their dotage—again, nothing wrong w/that, but it does leave your future, after their eventual check-out, in serious question as to how you would face your own golden years.

What this discussion and others like it leads me to believe that it’s a not-so-subtle attempt to change women’s mind about not just “having it all,” but about “having ANYthing” at all. Better to be that pretty flower in the garden and just wait to get picked by some “dway big man,” or you’ll be a lonely old spinster, or worse, a ball-breaking career woman, that no man would ever want. The false pity heaped upon Jennifer Aniston and Sandra Bullock are testament to that. Nevermind that they’re more than able to take care of themselves; all that beauty, fame and $$ and they STILL can’t get a date. Worst of all, even other women do that to each other and to themselves—no loyalty among each other, alas.

So I still believe it’s a good thing we CAN earn our own livelihoods and make choices about fertility that heretofore had made good on the idea of “biology is destiny.” Perhaps women can simply think through all the options they now have, child-bearing among them—and then decide what’s more important to them: pop out that kid before their body clock winds down, regardless of how prepared we may or may not be. Or, we establish ourselves first and make sure that that kid, when and if it arrives, comes to us into the best possible life we can make for it. Either, or. That’s the way it is, ladies.

Women are forced to make choices in ways that men never have to face. That’s why we have to be far more responsible about choosing, on ALL levels.
It would be helpful if corporations were more openminded about hiring women who took care of children, but, that is hard because people who make different choices tend to unconsciously reject people who make different choices.
Sophieh pretty much nailed it on the head.

Your article is really well written, and it's attracted a great comment field - I hope you will have the chance to weigh in.
One thing that annoys me about fertility discussions is the absence of the task of parenting. Having a baby is probably the experience of a lifetime. Raising a child is available to most people through adoption and foster parenting.
Thanks for promoting such a great discussion - I'll look forward to reading more of your posts.
Shannon--what a gutsy article. I think the "traditional" third wave feminism of the 1990s has been breaking down for a while, and I am always impressed when I encounter thoughtful criticism from women who, understanding feminist thought and its history from the inside out, come to reveal its serious ideological incongruencies. At the same time, there are many positives that feminism has contributed, and I think the struggle that many feminists (or post-feminists) are having these days is how to hold on to the good, while discarding the bad. Well done.
Many wise words... great discussion. I see this as a step in a direction that breaks from the feminist ideology that pervades this site.
Does anyone else read this thread and almost laugh at the almost-stereotypical upper middle class responses?

Perhaps 95% of the people in the US and 99% of the people in the world have no choice, let alone limited choices. They are condemned by economics and the system in which they are enveloped to tread a narrow path until they die.

I worry much more about introducing some opportunity into all lives before I would think at all about trying to make all choices available for those who already have most.
@ traveler.. obviously, yes. It is at the least admitting that "having it all" simply does not work.
This is a very good article. Thank you for sharing your thoughts.
@ elsma03

You should write that comment as a separate blog post, don't you think? :) It's good stuff.